Ecological Concepts

ENVIRONMENT: The habitat of living things is the living environment. It consists of abiotic and biotic factors. It is the physical, cultural, social, economic, biological, physical area where all living things continue their vital activities and interact with each other. It is the conditions in which the environmental organisms exist since their existence on earth. The realization of vital activities and their sustainability in a healthy way is only possible with a healthy environment.

ECOLOGY: It is the science that examines all abiotics and the relations of biotic species in ecosystems with each other.

TYPE: It is the taxonomic subunit of the genus in living systematics. The individuals from which it occurs interbreed with each other and give fertile offspring. Morphological, biological and physiological features are similar.

POPULATION: It is a biotic community (pine population in the forest, bee population, anchovy population in the Black Sea) consisting of organisms of the same species living in certain habitat boundaries and having mutual relations.

COMMUNITY: A community of various populations (Manyas birds, insects, butterflies) occupying a particular habitat. They are associations that can suffice with abiotic factors and continue their vital activities in harmony.

ECOSYSTEM: It consists of the community and the abiotic environment together. It is classified in two ways, natural and artificial. Natural ecosystems are not formed by human influence, they occur spontaneously as a result of the mechanism of nature. Artificial ecosystems are created and controlled by man.

BIOSPHERE: It is all of the environments that are suitable for the living conditions of all beings living on Earth. It is a thin layer on the earth. It has a thickness of 16-20 km. While latitudes cause significant climate changes over long distances, climate movements become more active as you move away from the equator.

HABITAT: It is the area that is suitable for the vital activities of biotic species. It is defined as a place of residence, living place, breeding place (Ankara Goat, etc.) It is the environment in which a population maintains the continuity of its generation by performing its natural feeding, sheltering and breeding activities. The genetics etc. of the individuals in the population in the biosphere layer. suitable survival environments.

NIC: They are the duties and functions of biotic entities. Nutrition, shelter and reproduction etc. It is all the behavior and functioning required for the realization and sustainability of all vital activities. It is the role of organisms in the environment in which they live. It is the way of life of individuals in the population belonging to the habitat that can affect themselves and their environment.

BIOTOPE: The community is the settlement and living space. They are geographical regions with favorable environmental conditions for the realization of vital activities.

FLORA: They are plant communities that are vital in a particular area. It is the communities that have completed the adaptive process and are able to sustain the wedge action in life. It also includes fungal and bacterial species. It is also called Bitey.

FAUNA: They are communities of animals that are vital in a particular area. It is the communities that have completed the adaptive process and are able to sustain the wedge action in life. It is also called as dire.

Dominant Genre: It is the most prominent species in the living union. They are the species that have superiority in activity and number in the community. Dominant species are not frequently encountered in aquatic ecosystems. However, plants are the dominant species in terrestrial ecosystems.

SUCCESSION: With the effect of abiotic and biotic factors, the dominant species is replaced by another species and rises to the dominant species position. The existing ecosystem is destroyed and a new ecosystem is formed. The dominant species is replaced by another dominant species under the influence of environmental factors. Boundaries are the succession of species in a given habitat.

ECOTON: It is the intersection of different ecosystems. It is a transition zone between neighboring biomes. Biodiversity is quite high as they have the characteristics of various regions.

MICROCLIMA: In the ecosystem, precipitation, light, humidity, wind, temperature, etc. are the various climatic features that occur due to the effect of factors. It is the differentiation of climatic features in a large environment in a small specific area. Small climatic differences between the forest upper regions and the ground are given as an example.

INDIVIDUAL ECOLOGY: It is the department of ecology that studies the interactions of individuals belonging to a species with the environment.

AV-HUNTER RELATIONSHIP: It is one of the reasons for the fluctuation in populations over time. The number of predators and the number of prey vary inversely.